Bey Citadel "of the most prestigious places in the city of Alexandria"
This castle is located at the end of the most western island of Pharos of Alexandria. And constructed in place of the ancient lighthouse of Alexandria, which was destroyed 702 years after his devastating earthquake that happened in the reign of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad. Began Sultan al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey building this castle in the year 882 AH and finished its construction 884 years. The reason for his interest in Alexandria many direct threats to Egypt by the Ottoman Empire, which threatened the whole Arab region.*******************************Description of the castle:It takes the form of the castle square box of 150 m * 130 m, surrounded by sea on three sides. And contains the castle walls and the main tower. Divided by fences to fence internal and external. Valsor internal personnel includes barracks and arms depots. The outer wall of the castle fitted in the bodies of the four defensive towers rising to the level of the wall light, with the exception of the east wall contains openings defensive soldiers.
And take the main tower in the inner courtyard a fortress large square along Dilaha 30 meters and a height of 17 meters and consists castle of three floors and there in the corners of the tower of the four towers, semi-circular ends of the highest balcony prominent include openings to throw darts at two levels and occupies the first floor of a mosque castle which consists of a plate and iwans and four defensive corridors allow for soldiers to pass easily through the defense of the castle. Khma and had the mosque but the minaret collapsed recently.
The second floor contains the corridors and halls and rooms of the Interior. The third floor houses a large room (seat of the Sultan Qaat Bay) sits down to see the ships on the day's journey from Alexandria covered by a cross vault and there are on this floor furnace to prepare a land of bread made from wheat, as well as a mill to grind grain for the soldiers living in the castle. The new Sultan Ghouri Qansuh castle and increased the garrison of this castle has been neglected in the Ottoman occupation of Egypt. Citadel has established the fortress of Sultan Malik al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey Mahmoudi year 882 AH / 1477 Place of Mannar Alexandria old at the eastern end of the island of Pharos in the late Mamluk state, which is about building a separate length of 60 meters, and width 50 meters, and the thickness of walls 4.5 meters.
This was Al-Manar had been destroyed after an earthquake in 702 days of King e al-Nasir Muhammad, who ordered it restored by then destroyed after several years until destroyed all its parts the year 777 AH / 1375 AD.
When he visited the city of Alexandria, the Sultan Bey year 882 AH / 1477 AD went to the site of the old and the Al-Manar is to build on the basis of the old tower, later known as Castle or Fortress of Bey was the completion of construction after two years from the date of construction.
Because Bey Citadel in Alexandria is one of the most important fortresses on the coast of the Mediterranean was interested by the sultans and the rulers of Egypt over the historical times in the Mamluk era, we find the Sultan Qansuh Ghouri interested in this castle great attention to and increased the strength of its garrison and shipment of weapons and gear, and when he occupied the Ottoman Egypt used the castle place to protect them and took care to preserve and made by groups of soldiers infantry, cavalry and artillery and the various garrisons to defend it and then defend the gate of Egypt's northern coast and the weakened Ottoman Empire began the castle lost its strategic importance and defensive as a result of the weakness of its garrison, it is then able to the French campaign on Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte seized and the city of Alexandria in 1798, which led to the seizure, which took over the rest of Egypt, and when he took Muhammad Ali Pasha ruled Egypt and worked on fortifying Egypt, especially the coastline North stood up to renew the walls of the castle, and add some of the work out to suit the development of defense of the nineteenth century AD, was the strengthening of walls and renewal of buildings and providing coastal guns in addition to building many Ataiwabi and forts that have spread along the north coast of Egypt. Since the revolution, Ahmed Orabi in 1882, which was the results hit the city of Alexandria on July 11 in 1882 and then the British occupation of Egypt was sabotage Bey Citadel and cause cracks it, has been a castle on this case until the Commission for the Conservation Archaeology Arabic in 1904 the work of many of the reforms and carry out a project for the renovation work, based on studies carried out by scientists of the French campaign and published a book in the Description of Egypt and also by the traveler Cassius in his book The Year 1799.******************************General architectural planning of the castleBuilt Bey Citadel on an area of 17,550 square meters was built on this area of the walls of the castle of Foreign Affairs and Astgamatha war which is a series of walls built to further fortify the castle and the walls, a Sorin major of huge stones that surround the castle from the outside and the inside has been prepared to protect the castle, Valsor first is the outer wall and the castle is surrounded on all four sides Valdila east of the wall overlooking the sea and a width of two meters and a height of eight meters and peppered with any Towers The western side is a fence a large thickness is greater than the rest of the walls of the castle peppered with three round towers and is the wall the oldest remaining parts , while the southern side it overlooks the port of East and peppered with three round towers and strikethrough the door, while the northern side Fatal directly on the sea is divided into two parts the lower part of it is a corridor large roofed built over the rock directly by several rooms The upper part is a corridor with openings narrow overlooking the sea The walls of Interior showed the stone and surrounded the tower master of all his part, except for the northern side and permeates the wall inside of a group of rooms adjacent prepared a barracks for the soldiers and are free of any openings other than door openings and openings Mzagl allocated to be openings for ventilation of the hand and Kfathat for the defense on the other. The main tower of the castle, it is the district north-western area of the castle and the main tower of the castle is a building of three floors will be planning out a square from each corner of the four pillars round tower rising from the surface of the main tower was built with limestone tower hard.
This castle is located at the end of the most western island of Pharos of Alexandria. And constructed in place of the ancient lighthouse of Alexandria, which was destroyed 702 years after his devastating earthquake that happened in the reign of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad. Began Sultan al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey building this castle in the year 882 AH and finished its construction 884 years. The reason for his interest in Alexandria many direct threats to Egypt by the Ottoman Empire, which threatened the whole Arab region.*******************************Description of the castle:It takes the form of the castle square box of 150 m * 130 m, surrounded by sea on three sides. And contains the castle walls and the main tower. Divided by fences to fence internal and external. Valsor internal personnel includes barracks and arms depots. The outer wall of the castle fitted in the bodies of the four defensive towers rising to the level of the wall light, with the exception of the east wall contains openings defensive soldiers.
And take the main tower in the inner courtyard a fortress large square along Dilaha 30 meters and a height of 17 meters and consists castle of three floors and there in the corners of the tower of the four towers, semi-circular ends of the highest balcony prominent include openings to throw darts at two levels and occupies the first floor of a mosque castle which consists of a plate and iwans and four defensive corridors allow for soldiers to pass easily through the defense of the castle. Khma and had the mosque but the minaret collapsed recently.
The second floor contains the corridors and halls and rooms of the Interior. The third floor houses a large room (seat of the Sultan Qaat Bay) sits down to see the ships on the day's journey from Alexandria covered by a cross vault and there are on this floor furnace to prepare a land of bread made from wheat, as well as a mill to grind grain for the soldiers living in the castle. The new Sultan Ghouri Qansuh castle and increased the garrison of this castle has been neglected in the Ottoman occupation of Egypt. Citadel has established the fortress of Sultan Malik al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey Mahmoudi year 882 AH / 1477 Place of Mannar Alexandria old at the eastern end of the island of Pharos in the late Mamluk state, which is about building a separate length of 60 meters, and width 50 meters, and the thickness of walls 4.5 meters.
This was Al-Manar had been destroyed after an earthquake in 702 days of King e al-Nasir Muhammad, who ordered it restored by then destroyed after several years until destroyed all its parts the year 777 AH / 1375 AD.
When he visited the city of Alexandria, the Sultan Bey year 882 AH / 1477 AD went to the site of the old and the Al-Manar is to build on the basis of the old tower, later known as Castle or Fortress of Bey was the completion of construction after two years from the date of construction.
Because Bey Citadel in Alexandria is one of the most important fortresses on the coast of the Mediterranean was interested by the sultans and the rulers of Egypt over the historical times in the Mamluk era, we find the Sultan Qansuh Ghouri interested in this castle great attention to and increased the strength of its garrison and shipment of weapons and gear, and when he occupied the Ottoman Egypt used the castle place to protect them and took care to preserve and made by groups of soldiers infantry, cavalry and artillery and the various garrisons to defend it and then defend the gate of Egypt's northern coast and the weakened Ottoman Empire began the castle lost its strategic importance and defensive as a result of the weakness of its garrison, it is then able to the French campaign on Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte seized and the city of Alexandria in 1798, which led to the seizure, which took over the rest of Egypt, and when he took Muhammad Ali Pasha ruled Egypt and worked on fortifying Egypt, especially the coastline North stood up to renew the walls of the castle, and add some of the work out to suit the development of defense of the nineteenth century AD, was the strengthening of walls and renewal of buildings and providing coastal guns in addition to building many Ataiwabi and forts that have spread along the north coast of Egypt. Since the revolution, Ahmed Orabi in 1882, which was the results hit the city of Alexandria on July 11 in 1882 and then the British occupation of Egypt was sabotage Bey Citadel and cause cracks it, has been a castle on this case until the Commission for the Conservation Archaeology Arabic in 1904 the work of many of the reforms and carry out a project for the renovation work, based on studies carried out by scientists of the French campaign and published a book in the Description of Egypt and also by the traveler Cassius in his book The Year 1799.******************************General architectural planning of the castleBuilt Bey Citadel on an area of 17,550 square meters was built on this area of the walls of the castle of Foreign Affairs and Astgamatha war which is a series of walls built to further fortify the castle and the walls, a Sorin major of huge stones that surround the castle from the outside and the inside has been prepared to protect the castle, Valsor first is the outer wall and the castle is surrounded on all four sides Valdila east of the wall overlooking the sea and a width of two meters and a height of eight meters and peppered with any Towers The western side is a fence a large thickness is greater than the rest of the walls of the castle peppered with three round towers and is the wall the oldest remaining parts , while the southern side it overlooks the port of East and peppered with three round towers and strikethrough the door, while the northern side Fatal directly on the sea is divided into two parts the lower part of it is a corridor large roofed built over the rock directly by several rooms The upper part is a corridor with openings narrow overlooking the sea The walls of Interior showed the stone and surrounded the tower master of all his part, except for the northern side and permeates the wall inside of a group of rooms adjacent prepared a barracks for the soldiers and are free of any openings other than door openings and openings Mzagl allocated to be openings for ventilation of the hand and Kfathat for the defense on the other. The main tower of the castle, it is the district north-western area of the castle and the main tower of the castle is a building of three floors will be planning out a square from each corner of the four pillars round tower rising from the surface of the main tower was built with limestone tower hard.
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